In February 2010, my staff and I received the LenSx femtosecond laser (LenSx Lasers Inc., Aliso Viejo, CA; distributed in the United States by Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX). Since then, we have been successfully performing laser cataract surgery at our center in Huston. I . . . → Read More: Cataract Surgery – Femtosecond Laser]]> Femtosecond Laser Cataract Surgery in the United States.

In February 2010, my staff and I received the LenSx femtosecond laser (LenSx Lasers Inc., Aliso Viejo, CA; distributed in the United States by Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX). Since then, we have been successfully performing laser cataract surgery at our center in Huston. I believe this technology represents the perfect marriage of the cataract and refractive subspecialties. This article describes what I foresee as the femtocataract technology’s position in ophthalmology.

MEETING PATIENT DEMANDS
Each year, there are approximately 3.25 million cataract surgeries performed in the United States and around 19 million procedures worldwide. Are we delivering the level of care that patients desire with cataract surgery? Refractive surgery taught me that patients need two things to be happy: a safe surgery, and the ability to see well without glasses afterwards. Even individuals who need a complicated procedure such as a corneal transplant or riboflavin/UV cross-linking ultimately want to see perfectly without their glasses. Are we surgeons delivering on that request?

Figure X shows the 20/25 and 20/20 UCVA results from the latest FDA trial on an IOL compared with the latest FDA data on LASIK. There is a wide difference between these two procedures. It appears as though we are not giving our cataract patients the kind of UCVA that we are providing LASIK patients. Can we correct this problem?

Market Scope approximates that there are 6,800 cataract surgeons in the United States. Only 2,000 of those practitioners identify themselves as cataract/refractive surgeons. The rest consider themselves either cataract surgeons who do not perform refractive surgery or refractive surgeons who perform very few cataract surgeries. Therefore, the small group of cataract/refractive surgeons has the best chance to address the disparity between the two subspecialties.

TIME AND PLACE: FITTING THE LENSX INTO THE CLINIC
We do not keep the LenSx laser in the OR, but in a separate, environment-controlled room. Both my staff and my patients appreciate the speed of the laser. The LenSx requires about 60 seconds of suction time, and it takes another 3 to 5 minutes to make the capsulotomy and fragment the nucleus. Then, we roll the patient into the OR to extract the nucleus and implant the lens. This laser cuts the length of a cataract procedure in half.

The laser’s proprietary optical coherence tomography (OCT) imaging system lets you view the entire anterior segment as you operate the machine. The laser begins the cut for the capsulorhexis posteriorly, then it penetrates into the anterior chamber to fracture the nucleus. It leaves a beautiful, 3-dimensional (3-D) cut in the nucleus. The LenSx can also make secondary and astigmatic cuts in the cornea. In fact, the laser features a laser “knife” that you can preprogram to make 10 to 12 different types of cuts—cylinders, slits—the sky is the limit.

SURGICAL ADVANTAGES OF THE LENSX LASER
The LenSx femtosecond laser can help us improve the quality of cataract surgery two ways. First, the laser enables the surgeon to precisely control the capsulotomy. The human hand cannot make capsulotomies as perfectly shaped or reproducible as a femtosecond laser. The laser also provides amazing control over the capsulotomy’s centration, shape, and diameter, and you can achieve the exact same configuration every time. As all cataract surgeons know, the capsule’s opening is very important in determining the effective lens position. A smaller opening will induce more contraction, and a larger opening will result in the opposite. We can measure the corneal curvature and the axial length, but we cannot predict the IOL’s final resting position. With the LenSx laser providing a consistent capsulorhexis, we can predict the effective lens position much more accurately. Just by switching to this device, I have reduced my standard deviation of spherical component considerably. Simply put, this laser makes lens implantation more predictable.

The LenSx femtosecond laser also improves the management and correction of astigmatism. What if we could make limbal relaxing incisions (LRIs) in the same way we treat astigmatism with an excimer laser? The LenSx has preprogrammed astigmatic cuts that make this procedure simple. It allows us to place LRIs wherever you wish. My staff and I use Eric Donnenfeld, MD’s nomogram with outstanding results.

Figure X shows the LenSx laser performing nuclear cracking. Colleagues have asked me how this procedure will impact phacoemulsification. I think it is the perfect partner for phacoemulsification, because it will allow us to optimize our phaco machines and our techniques. We can still use our preferred technique to remove the fragmented nucleus.

Another advantage I think this device offers is with removing cortex. We can start the capsulorhexis behind the capsule and then come up through it and bypass the cortex. This approach ensures that we get [polish?] the capsule. The cortex then has a soft-cut edge all the way around the capsulorhexis, which makes removing it a little bit easier and more efficient.

Again, with the ability to size and locate the capsulorhexis where we want it, we should be able to customize this step to individual IOLs in the future. Perhaps certain implants will be centered anatomically, by line-of-sight, or on the dilated pupil. Because the LenSx laser can standardize these steps, we can track our results with various techniques. All of these capabilities will drive effectiveness in cataract surgery.

The femtocataract procedure also has exciting implications for challenging eyes, such as those with low endothelial cell counts, pseudoexfoliation, etc. I’d rather leave the zonules alone in those patients. A femtosecond-made capsulotomy on an eye with a white cataract will not require capsular dye.

SAFETY
The literature shows that refractive surgery is safer than cataract surgery, with fewer incidences of adverse events. I think the LenSx femtosecond laser can improve surgical safety and efficacy. Since using this machine, my staff and I have seen a dramatic reduction in phaco time, phaco power, and endothelial cell loss compared with the historical norm that we found in literature. These findings make sense, because the femtocataract procedure reduces phacoemulsification and the number of times the surgeon enters the eye.

For now, my staff and I are concentrating on optimizing our cataract surgeries using the INFINITI Vision System with AquaLase, OZil IP torsional ultrasound (Alcon Laboratories, Inc., Fort Worth, TX), and different tips and settings. We are exploring how to adapt these technologies to use them together. For example, for soft nuclei, we can use a series of soft cylinders to liquefy the cataract and then perform I/A. In the majority of cases, we use a blend of femtosecond laser and phacoemulsification to improve our speed, safety, and outcomes.

CONCLUSIONS
I think the femtocataract procedure will bring us the efficacy and safety we want for our patients. In the coming years, the baby boomers—the biggest demographic group in the United States—will be moving into their cataract years. These individuals will make up the majority of our patients. The femtocataract technology will suit this demographic beautifully; I anticipate that baby boomers will readily adopt a more automated cataract surgery just like they have accepted all-laser LASIK. I suggest that we all get ahead of this curve.

Stephen G. Slade, MD, is a surgeon at Slade and Baker Vision in Houston. He serves as the medical director for LenSx Lasers Inc., and he is a consultant for Alcon Laboratories, Inc.

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How to cure chronic dry eyes can be difficult if you do not know the root cause of your condition. A chronic dry eye, also known as Keratoconjunctivitis Sicca or Sjogren’s syndrome, has several causes. Dry eyes can include the following symptoms:

Have you puffy eyes because you have pulled out all night or you have cried all night? Now, you need to go out, but you will get all attention from people, because of your big and puffy eyes. Are you looking for solutions? So, here are few ways how you . . . → Read More: Puffy Eyes – Arizona]]>

Have you puffy eyes because you have pulled out all night or you have cried all night? Now, you need to go out, but you will get all attention from people, because of your big and puffy eyes. Are you looking for solutions? So, here are few ways how you can back your eyes into the normal.
One of the options for lessen puffiness eyes is with putting cumbers on them. So, you need to slice cucumber and directly put it on closed peepers. With this method you should get immediately results, which means lessen tired eyelids. But, in case that you don’t have cucumbers into your house you can use spoon. Put two smaller spoons into your refrigerator and live them a few minutes to get colder. After that they have cooled, put them into your eyes. With cold temperature from them, your eye will beck in normal state.
Other option as puffy eyes remedy is to use cold tea begs. This method is very useful not only for reducing puffy eyes, but also and for reducing toxins that are under the skin in surrounding of your peepers. You don’t need to cook a tea for putting begs into the eyes and after that cold them. All you nee is to soak tea bags in cold water and wait for a few minutes for getting colder and put them into your closed eyes. With this method your blood circulation will increase and reduce unused water of your skin in this area and reduce toxins, too.
Last option is to apply effective eye cream. But, this option is after you doing any of above mentioned methods. Recommendation is to use eye creams which contain ingredients such as eyeliss and Haloxyl. With Haloxyl you can purge out toxins from are that you are treating, as well as you can get rid of dark circles which could be seen under the eyes. Eyeliss ingredient brings back natural elasticity of the skin around your peepers.
Each of these above mentioned methods will bring back fresh look to you, so you can go out without of worry that your eyes are puffed. There are more puffy eyes causes, but some of them are situation when you have been all night weak up, or you pulled all night, cried, too much watched TV, bad sleeping or oversleep or at last natural puffy eyes. Also, there are and things that makes your eye puffy which are slightest so, one of the main reason why that happen is because of too much water that you have taken before you went to sleep, or you have eaten too much salt or salty food. This also can be reasons for puffy eyes, so they can be reduced with properly food and natural process. Still, there are lots of people who have problem with puffy eyes and getting rid of them. So, that why you should try some of the above mentioned option and find the best solution for you.

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LASIK is a form of eye surgery that uses refraction and laser technology to treat astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia. Its inventor, Jose Barraquer was an ophthalmologist from Spain living in Colombia. In 1980, a researcher named Rangaswamy Srinivasan was the first to suggest the use of laser technology in this . . . → Read More: Eye Doctor Arizona]]>

LASIK is a form of eye surgery that uses refraction and laser technology to treat astigmatism, myopia, and hyperopia. Its inventor, Jose Barraquer was an ophthalmologist from Spain living in Colombia. In 1980, a researcher named Rangaswamy Srinivasan was the first to suggest the use of laser technology in this surgery. This procedure is partially the reason for the lower degree of pain and recovery period for the patient. The surgery basically includes three steps to reconstructing the cornea tissue. First, the flap that will be placed on the cornea surface is constructed. Then the cornea is readjusted keeping this flap above it. After this, the flap is placed accurately.

Patients have often been known to complain of dryness of the eyes until a period of six months after the surgery. It has been sighted as a permanent phenomenon by the Food and Drugs Association (FDA). Here are some quick things about laser eye surgery that you should know if you are investigating this type of surgery:

* When opting for LASIK the patient must be aware of certain restrictions or conditions that need to be fulfilled before becoming an acceptable candidate for it.

* If you have a very high myopia condition, LASIK requires a lot of cornea tissue removal, which lowers the chances of a better vision post-surgery.

* You also need to be an adult (as per your country’s law) before you can opt for LASIK treatment.

* Pregnancy can cause hindrance to the vision due to accumulation of fluid. This should not be taken as an indicator of deteriorating vision, requiring LASIK. Also a point to note at this point is the harm caused by the recovery drugs to the conception.

* If your eyes are prone to irritation, dryness and if you are regular contact lens user, you will first need to treat these issues before being qualified enough to opt for LASIK eye surgery.

* Also, diseases that cause degeneration or immune failure (diabetes, HIV/AIDS and rheumatism) are not acceptable conditions for the surgery. However, this is subject to the seriousness of the illness and the doctor’s discretion.

Vision after LASIK surgery may be blurry and out of focus for some time. This should not be believed to be a permanent hindrance. With proper care and recovery medication, this can be improved to near perfection. With improving technology and assistance from modern equipment, the surgery has become very popular with a high success rate, especially in America and Canada.

When choosing the doctor who will perform LASIK eye surgery on you, make sure he is experienced enough and has a steady hand. Also, in case of over or under correction, you can easily opt for re-enhancement of the process to check it.

Depending on the advancement of the procedure, LASIK eye surgery can cost anywhere between $2,341 (in which Intralase is used with Wavefront technology), $2,105 (includes all procedures involving laser) and $1,662 (in which bladed instrument is used to construct the cornea flap instead of wavefront technology).

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